Testosterone propionatethawj zaug tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1935. Nyob rau hauv ib tug series ntawm thwmsim, nws ua rau kom cov kev kho mob nyhuv ntawm testosterone los ntawm slowing nws tso rau hauv cov ntshav. Ob xyoos tom qab, Schering AG nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees launched thawj testosterone propionate khoom, testoviron. Propionate kuj yog thawj zaug uas muaj cov tshuaj testosterone ester nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas cov khw muag tshuaj thiab tseem yog daim ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm Testosterone thoob ntiaj teb kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1960. Piv txwv li, thaum xyoo 1950, thaum steroids thawj zaug siv los ntawm Asmeskas hauv cov neeg ncaws pob, yooj yim muaj anabolic / androgen. steroids yog methyltestosterone, testosterone propionate thiab testosterone ncua kev kawm. Interestingly, testosterone propionate kuj muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov ncauj thaum lub sijhawm no, tab sis ploj mus los ntawm Asmeskas kev lag luam hauv xyoo 1980s.
Kev mob tshwm sim (estrogen):
Testosterone tau yooj yim aromatized rau estradiol (estrogen) hauv lub cev. Aromatase (estrogen synthase) yog qhov ua rau testosterone metabolism. Kev nce qib estrogen tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv, xws li nce dej cia, nce lub cev rog thiab txiv neej lub mis loj hlob. Testosterone yog suav hais tias yog ib qho tshuaj estrogen steroid nruab nrab. Antiestrogens xws li clomiphene lossis tamoxifen yuav tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj estrogen. Aromatase inhibitors xws li anastrozole (anastrozole) kuj tseem siv tau, uas tuaj yeem tswj tau cov tshuaj estrogen zoo dua los ntawm kev tiv thaiv nws cov synthesis. Txawm li cas los xij, piv nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv estrogen, aromatase inhibitors yog kim heev thiab tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav lipids.
Cov kev phiv tshuaj estrogen yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj - nyob ntawm seb, thiab ntau dua ntawm testosterone (siab dua li kev kho mob ib txwm muaj) yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj tiv thaiv estrogen lossis aromatase inhibitors tib lub sijhawm. Txij li thaum cov dej tuav thiab cov leeg poob yog ib txwm muaj rau kev siv ntau dua ntawm testosterone propionate, cov tshuaj no feem ntau suav hais tias yog kev xaiv tsis zoo thaum noj zaub mov lossis txiav theem. Nws qhov nruab nrab estrogenicity ua rau nws tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm nthuav dav. Nws cov dej khaws cia yuav muab lub zog qub thiab qhov loj ntawm cov leeg thiab pab muab qhov chaw muaj zog anabolic.
Kev mob tshwm sim (androgen):
Testosterone yog tus txiv neej tseem ceeb androgen thiab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tswj cov txiv neej theem nrab kev sib deev yam ntxwv. Kev nce qib testosterone yuav muaj androgenic phiv, nrog rau cov tawv nqaij oily, pob txuv thiab lub cev / lub ntsej muag plaub hau loj hlob. Cov txiv neej uas muaj caj ces ua rau cov plaub hau poob (androgenic alopecia) tuaj yeem pom qhov tawv nqaij nrawm. Cov neeg uas txhawj xeeb txog cov plaub hau poob tuaj yeem pom qhov kev xaiv yooj yim dua hauv norone kuilate, uas tsis tshua muaj androgen steroid. Cov poj niam kuj tau ceeb toom tias anabolic / androgen steroids muaj peev xwm ua rau cov kab mob tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj zog androgens xws li testosterone. Cov kev mob tshwm sim no tuaj yeem suav nrog lub suab sib sib zog nqus, kev coj khaub ncaws tsis tu ncua, hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau loj hlob ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab clitoris o.
Hauv androgen reactive lub hom phiaj cov ntaub so ntswg xws li tawv nqaij, tawv taub hau thiab prostate, testosterone kuj yog txiv neej vim nws txo qis rau dihydrotestosterone (DHT). 5- Reductase yog lub ntsiab ua rau testosterone metabolism. Kev siv tib lub sijhawm ntawm 5- Reductase inhibitors xws li finasteride lossis dutasteride tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm testosterone kev txiav txim thiab txo cov kev nyiam ntawm cov tshuaj testosterone los tsim cov teebmeem androgen. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias anabolism thiab androgen kev txiav txim yog kho los ntawm androgen receptors. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom cais tag nrho cov anabolism ntawm testosterone thiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm androgen, txawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov 5- Reductases yog inhibited.
Kev mob tshwm sim (hepatotoxicity):
Testosterone tsis muaj cov nyhuv hepatotoxic, yog li hepatotoxicity tsis zoo li. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tau tshuaj xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm hepatotoxic ntawm siab - koob tshuaj testosterone los ntawm kev tswj hwm 400 mg ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ib hnub (2800 mg ib lub lis piam) rau ib pawg txiv neej. Qhov ncauj steroids tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntau dua li kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular. Tom qab 20 hnub ntawm kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj hormones, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv daim siab enzymes, suav nrog cov ntshav albumin, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase thiab alkaline phosphatase.
Kev mob tshwm sim (mob plawv):
Anabolic / androgen steroids tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem rau cov roj cholesterol. Qhov no suav nrog kev nyiam txo qis HDL (zoo) cholesterol thiab nce LDL (tsis zoo) cholesterol, thiab tseem tuaj yeem hloov HDL rau LDL, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm anabolic / androgenic steroids ntawm cov ntshav lipids nyob ntawm qhov koob tshuaj, txoj hauv kev ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas (qhov ncauj thiab kev txhaj tshuaj), hom tshuaj steroids (muaj ntxhiab los yog tsis muaj ntxhiab), thiab qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv rau daim siab metabolism. Anabolic / androgen steroids kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav siab thiab triglycerides, txo qis endothelial so, thiab ua rau sab laug ventricular hypertrophy, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab myocardial infarction.
Piv nrog rau hluavtaws steroids, Testosterone muaj qhov cuam tshuam me dua ntawm cov kab mob plawv. Ib feem vim tias nws qhib rau daim siab metabolism, nws muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis rau lub siab tswj cov roj cholesterol. Lub aromatization ntawm testosterone thiab estradiol kuj tseem pab txo qis cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm androgen ntawm cov ntshav lipids. Hauv ib txoj kev tshawb fawb, 280 mg ntawm testosterone ester (heptanate) ib lub lim tiam muaj me ntsis tab sis tsis muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm HDL cov roj cholesterol tom qab 12 lub lis piam, tab sis muaj zog (25 feem pua) txo qis thaum siv aromatase inhibitors. Siv 300 mg testosterone ester (heptanate) rau 20 lub lis piam hauv ib lub lis piam, aromatase inhibitor tsis pom tsuas yog 13 feem pua txo HDL cholesterol, piv nrog 21 feem pua ntawm 600 mg. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm aromatase inhibition yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua ntej kev kho testosterone.
Tamoxifen citrate lossis clomiphene citrate yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau aromatase inhibitors vim tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tshuaj estrogen ntawm cov ntshav lipids thiab vim tias lawv muaj cov tshuaj estrogen ib nrab hauv lub siab. Qhov no tso cai rau lawv tuaj yeem txhim kho lipid faib thiab tawm tsam qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm androgens. Cov nyhuv ntawm 600 mg lossis tsawg dua ib lub lim tiam ntawm lipid huab hwm coj spectrometry feem ntau pom tseeb, tab sis tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam, uas tseem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv estrogen (rau lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv plawv) tsis tsim nyog. Cov koob tshuaj 600 mg lossis tsawg dua hauv ib lub lis piam kuj ua tsis tau qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv LDL / VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B / C-III, C-reactive protein thiab insulin rhiab heev, qhia tias lawv tsis muaj zog. cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob plawv. Thaum siv cov koob tshuaj me me, kev txhaj tshuaj testosterone ester feem ntau suav hais tias yog qhov kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov anabolic / androgen steroids.
Txhawm rau kom txo qis kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov hlab plawv, nws raug nquahu kom tswj hwm qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv dhia thiab ib txwm txo qis cov roj cholesterol, cov roj cholesterol thiab cov carbohydrates yooj yim thaum siv AAS. Nws tseem pom zoo kom ntxiv cov roj ntses (4 grams tauj ib hnub) thiab cov roj cholesterol / cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant xws li lipid stabil lossis cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom xyaw zoo sib xws.
Kev mob tshwm sim (testosterone inhibition):
Tag nrho cov anabolic / androgenic steroids yuav tsum inhibit endogenous testosterone ntau lawm thaum noj ntawm ib koob txaus los txhawb cov leeg nce. Testosterone yog tus txiv neej tseem ceeb androgen, uas muaj kev tawm tswv yim tsis zoo ntawm endogenous testosterone. Ib yam li ntawd, cov tshuaj testosterone raws li cov tshuaj muaj zog muaj zog ntawm kev tswj hwm hypothalamic ntawm ntuj steroid hormones. Yog tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm testosterone stimulating tshuaj, qib testosterone yuav tsum rov qab los li qub hauv 1-4 lub hlis ntawm kev faib tshuaj. Thov nco ntsoov tias hypogonadism yuav yog qhov thib ob rau kev tsim txom steroid thiab yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam kev kho mob.
Ntxiv rau cov kev mob tshwm sim saum toj no, rau kev sib tham ntxaws ntxiv ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, thov mus saib cov kev mob tshwm sim steroid hauv phau ntawv no.
Kev taw qhia kev kho mob (general):
Testosterone propionate feem ntau suav hais tias yog kev txhaj tshuaj mob. Qhov no yog vim lub luv luv carbon saw ntawm propionate, uas txhawb cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Cov tib neeg uas nkag siab yuav tsum nyob deb ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj steroid no, txwv tsis pub lawv lub cev yuav muaj qhov mob pom tseeb thiab qis - qib ua npaws, uas yuav kav ntev li ob peb hnub. Txawm tias mob me me los ntawm cov neeg siv feem ntau yog qhov tsis xis nyob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj noj
Nws yog xav tias cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv ntau zaus rau ntau lub lis piam.
Kev taw qhia kev kho mob (txiv neej):
Txhawm rau kho qhov tsis txaus androgen, cov lus qhia ntxov tau pom zoo kom muab 25mg 2-3 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam. Cov ntaub ntawv khoom siv niaj hnub no kuj pom zoo kom noj 25 mg rau 50 mg ob mus rau peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam. Qhov nruab nrab koob tshuaj rau cov txiv neej ncaws pob yog 50-100mg rau ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj, muab txhua ob lossis peb hnub. Zoo ib yam li lwm yam testosterone esters, testosterone propionate feem ntau yog siv ntawm tag nrho cov koob tshuaj ntawm 200 mg rau 400 mg ib lub lis piam. Qib no txaus rau cov neeg siv feem ntau kom pom qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab lub zog.
Testosterone propionate feem ntau yog siv thaum kawm. Thaum cov dej nce ntxiv yuav tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim, cov neeg siv yuav tau them nyiaj ntau rau cov leeg nqaij zoo dua li cov duab. Qee cov tib neeg kuj siv cov tshuaj no hauv kev ua kom cov leeg nqaij, tab sis feem ntau nws yog siv hauv cov koob tshuaj qis (100-200mg / lub lis piam) thiab nrog rau aromatase inhibitors los tswj cov tshuaj estrogen. Testosterone propionate yog ib qho tshuaj anabolic zoo heev, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum siv ib leeg. Txawm li cas los xij, kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig muaj zog, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso nrog lwm cov tshuaj anabolic / androgenic steroids. Hauv qhov no, ib qho ntxiv 200-400 mg ntawm baodanone undecanoate, metinolone heptanoate lossis norone decanoate ib lub lim tiam tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo yam tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb hepatotoxicity. Testosterone muaj ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem ua ke nrog ntau lwm yam anabolic / androgen steroids kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
Kev taw qhia kev kho mob (poj niam):
Testosterone propionate tsis tshua siv rau cov poj niam hauv kev kho mob tshuaj. Thaum ua ntawv thov, nws feem ntau yog siv los ua ib qho khoom siv rau kev mob qog noj ntshav mis tsis tuaj yeem. Thaum lwm cov kev kho mob tsis ua rau cov txiaj ntsig xav tau, lawv yuav tsum inhibit zes qe menyuam ua haujlwm. Vim muaj zog androgen thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab cov teebmeem qeeb (ua rau cov ntshav siab tswj tsis tau), testosterone cyclopentanoate tsis pom zoo rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub cev qoj ib ce lossis kev ua tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov poj niam cev nqaij daim tawv uas hais txog testosterone feem ntau xaiv testosterone propionate vim tias qib ntawm cov ester no hauv cov ntshav yog yooj yim los tswj dua li testosterone cyclopentanoate lossis testosterone heptanate. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, cov tshuaj yuav tsum raug tso tseg thiab cov tshuaj hormones yuav poob qis hauv ob peb hnub. Kev noj tshuaj ntau npaum li cas yog kev saib xyuas, nrog rau kev txhaj tshuaj me me (txog 25 mg) txhua 5 mus rau 7 hnub, thiab lub sijhawm ntawm lub voj voog yog txwv rau 6-8 lub lis piam lossis tsawg dua.